No. 14A743 Tuesday, September 8, 2026 24h to 09:25

TheNostr Observer

Printed from one corner of the network

Ranked as EZ 638 events, 14 desks 212 voices

Liquid, day two

They kept fifteen per cent, and the word “white hat” did not survive it

The coins came back. What happened in between was a public argument in which one of the most careful people on this network talked himself out of his own position.

The bitcoin has been returned to the Liquid federation, minus a cut. That much is settled. What made Monday worth reading was watching people reason about it in the open, at speed, and change their minds where the facts moved.

waxwing opened for the defence, and did not think it was a stretch: If you see this bug and you don't want every user to lose their money, you are somewhat ethically bound to confiscate it until the devs release a fix. The argument is real — with the collateral already seized, deploying the patch stops being dangerous, and he put the improvement at a hundredfold.

An hour later he had found the seam in his own case. Announcing you will send most of it back, rather than agreeing a bounty like an adult, is wrong. By late afternoon he was qualifying even that, and being precise about what the qualification cost:

Taking a big chunk (as apparently they now have done) unilaterally puts them firmly in the criminal category from a legal perspective. IANAL but I think they could have very reasonably and ethically argued that they did not steal, if they hadn't done that.. Now, they cannot.

Matt Corallo arrived at two in the morning and dismantled what was left, on three counts. They left a large amount still exposed rather than securing it. Liquid has a halt mechanism, so simply reporting the bug would probably have locked things down faster than exploiting it could. And then the fee.

Finally, they kept 15%? That's not even remotely white hat behavior. They just wanted to use the term "whitehat" to reduce risk of FBI.

waxwing conceded the ground without fuss: I wrote that before the 15%. The other two points are good. Especially the first one; since they could take anything, it's a particularly good point.

Others had reached the same place with less machinery. Alan Siefert read the whole performance as legal positioning — a negotiated statement from Blockstream that the transaction was in some measure consensual, in the hope that law enforcement takes the hint. A.A.Ron did the arithmetic on the cut: With 600 BTC, they can afford to pay off anyone that would press charges.

Zordon supplied the federation's consolation, which is also the joke of the week: Guys, it's better to be 85% whole than 100% LIQUIDated.

The anatomy

A very well intended security patch

The most useful sentence anybody wrote about the cause was waxwing's, and it is not about Liquid at all: A very well intended security patch that exposed a pre-existing flaw. Fucking hell software is hard!

The pre-patch code did not check lengths either — but with only a proof and a commitment in play, it did not matter. Hardening one part made the missing check reachable.

His question for the designers is the one an engineer asks: Why the heck wouldn't they belt and suspenders with the transaction hash? (They could also just not cache, full stop. Better choice for Liquid specifically imo, but easy to say in retrospect).

The same trap, seen coming, in another codebase

Then he found the good bit. The same class of verification cache had been proposed in Monero, and somebody had refused it in terms that read now like a warning letter. Luke Parker, on that pull request:

Considering this code disables almost every single line of meaningful TX validation code… I'm not willing to settle for less anymore.

And the paragraph waxwing went back to add, because it is the one that matters: Yes, serializing the entire TX is overkill. That's the point. It may be less efficient. This offers a 5x perf boost. I'd rather hear we left .1x on the table than hear we had a double spend in the next release.

waxwing's gloss was a wish rather than a boast: I hope more developers of bitcoin security code don't feel bad about "overkill", either!

A screenshot waxwing posted of a comment in the Monero source code about caching the same kind of verification.
waxwing filed this from the Monero source, noting it was remarkable (if not surprising) that a comment about caching the same kind of verification already existed there.Filed by waxwing

The instrument

One out of four hundred

The unranked control read returned 400 notes. One of them also reached this page — the same figure as Sunday.

Still counting

The Insider Edition's weekly round-up puts the sum taken at 3,998 bitcoin. TheBitcoinManual described it as an inflation bug in Liquid's confidential transactions, with the network resting on a patch and on the taker keeping their word.

They did, in the end, keep most of it.

Adoption

Most people do not want a public square

fiatjaf asked why nobody brings their friends here. He spent Monday reporting what the answers taught him, and it was not what he expected.

The question ran on this page yesterday, with Marc's flat answer — he had invited them, and they were not interested. On Monday the man who asked it published his conclusion.

The main lesson, which I should have known if I had paid attention to the world, is that most people don't want to talk in a "public square" or about abstract topics to strangers on the internet.

What follows from that is a change of target rather than a change of pitch: small communities. Asked what he meant, he gave three shapes rather than one — a group chat with rules and visibility enforced by a temporarily trusted relay, one or more restricted relays surfaced inside a microblogging client, or relays-as-groups with an interface pointed at a single relay.

He is aware this is less exciting than the original ambition, and says so. He also knows the current obstacle is the paper's own subject matter: for most people the network effect is harder to overcome than it is for a small community, which translates somewhat into the problem of the current "main topic" of Nostr (which is Nostr itself and Bitcoin and related themes).

The sharpest thing he wrote was aimed at his own trade, not at the absent normies:

I think we can un-normie a big portion of people who are normies currently, if only developers eliminated the condescending normie virus from their own minds and started treating users as the intelligent human beings that some of them are.

Not everyone wants the doors opened. Eluc put the dissent plainly: the appeal is precisely the absence of the mainstream, and I don't want everyone, family, IRL friends and boss to be around here either.

Keys

The end of the twelve words, for somebody else's benefit

Blitz Wallet shipped the thing it spent the weekend teasing. Managed Accounts: an existing user sets up an account for a newcomer, derived from a seed the sponsor already holds, and the newcomer spends from day one with nothing to write down.

The trade is stated rather than hidden. If the new user loses their phone, the person who set them up restores everything — which is the point and also the catch. Blitz says it never holds the funds.

On recovery, the company was careful in a follow-up: its recovery site exists only for Blitz going down, and does not yet support unilateral exit.

FROST bunkers, loudly

fiatjaf spent much of the day arguing for one answer to the signing problem, without hedging: FROST bunkers are the only solution. They are a thousand times better than any solution implemented by any of Nostr's competitors, in any aspect. Implemented and functional today, he says, in Jumble, Yakihonne, Imwald, Hallway and others.

The remaining gap he names himself — encrypted direct messages — where the workaround is a separate key used only for message encryption that never goes on the bunker.

A warning worth repeating

hzrd149, on a feature routinely described as protective: NIP-42 isn't a privacy feature, it's a way for a relay to gate access to your data. if your app isn't careful and authenticates to all relays it doxes your IP address.

Why key rotation never happened

hzrd149 also marked three passages from a discussion of key rotation, and read in order they are an obituary for a feature. That it may not even be the important one — I'm not sure if key rotation is more important than delegation. That it needed a champion who is willing to push for this change, talk to people, explain it to everyone, and actually care. And then the ending: nobody has taken over that role because nobody really cared enough.

Separately, david offered the missing piece rather than the epitaph: When there are no easy solutions, you look for the tractable ones. Social proof is the missing ingredient to make tractable key rotation solutions.

Books & Ideas

Audits, but done by the thing that found the hole

Yesterday this page carried markusturm's account of the Liquid bug and its opening line about tools that can save us being the same ones that can endanger us. On Monday a different reader, rodant, went through the same piece with a highlighter and pulled out the recommendations rather than the aphorism.

The central one is a straightforward institutional demand — that security audits must in future be supplemented by AI code review, oder sogar primär von KI gesteuert werden: or even primarily driven by it.

The reason given is not enthusiasm but symmetry: Wir sind in einem Wettrüsten mit Angreifern, die ebenfalls Zugang zu leistungsfähiger KI haben — an arms race with attackers who have the same tools.

The division of labour rodant marked is the sensible part, and it is not a surrender: human expertise for the large architectural understanding, machines for the pixel-precise inspection of the code.

Thirteen per cent

Phillip D. McCombs marked the same sentence three times, which is one way of showing your work:

only 13% of our planet's population is born into the dollar, euro, Japanese yen, British pound, Australian dollar, Canadian dollar or Swiss Franc. The other 87% are born into autocracy or considerably less trustworthy currencies.

Five years ago today

BTC Prague marked the anniversary without triumphalism: five years since El Salvador became the first country to make bitcoin legal tender. Someone tried it first.

Money

Six hundred and seventeen days behind

The market bots came back after a day's absence, and the readings have not improved. Bitcoin closed Monday at $79,077. Against a power-law trend price of $139,847 that is 43.27% below trend, or — in the measure that stings — 617 days behind. The price belongs to the end of December 2024.

The hundred-week moving average sits at $89,198, putting the ratio at 0.89. Realized market cap is down 4.7% across 2026 so far.

Monday's readings

MeasureValue
Price$79,077
MVRV1.49
100-week MA$89,198
Price / 100w MA0.89
Below power-law trend43.27%
Days behind trend617
Realized cap, 2026−4.7%
Supply unmoved 4+ yrs37.8%

ChartsBTC, across Monday and early Tuesday.

The holders are not moving

Against every discouraging price measure, the distribution is unchanged: 7.58M BTC — 37.8% of supply — has not moved in four years or more.

Two in the morning

BTC Prague, on the week's real mood: nobody: absolutely nobody: me at 2am: let me just check my seed phrase is still where I left it.

Elsewhere

One of several photographs Alex Li took in a small restaurant in China.
One of five pictures Alex Li filed from a hole-in-the-wall restaurant in China, where the raw ingredients are on display for you to choose.Picture: Alex Li

Their report: the owner smokes while lecturing his employees, the patrons throw their rubbish on the floor, and The food is delicious and cheap. Vibes are unbeatable.

A photograph danielw took at Niagara Falls in March 2019, described by them as two people at the railing observing the falls.
danielw continues to post old frames to #photostr: Niagara Falls in March 2019, windy and cold, with two people at the railing.Picture: danielw

From Kyiv

Terry Yiu, in seven words: Kushner is gone and air raid sirens are back.

Three months into using GrapheneOS full time, he rates it amazing with caveats — chief among them that precise GPS now refuses to work in Kyiv at all, jamming or no jamming, so he hotspots to an old iPhone to drive across the city.

A teacher's Monday

Odie 40HPW is producing this year's student musical — Cabaret, premiering in November — and posted about the set being built.

Ten minutes later, on the street outside his house, he ran into a former pupil home for a couple of days between dates on a Book of Mormon tour. His conclusion: Teaching can be quite rewarding, even though you don't always see the results right away.

Rock, apparently, is back

No Good Kid reports it is being carried by women — and that two big Czech singers who spent years on bubblegum pop have switched to rock, basically saying - I ain't gonna let labels dictate shit to me anymore.

The crows, continued

Avis reported progress twice within four minutes: I think I have turned a corner with the crows, they are hanging out on the ground more often these days.

Their teaching acronym, offered in another thread, is worth stealing: T - Is it True? H - Is it Helpful? I - Is it Inspiring? N - Is it Necessary? K - Is it Kind? — blanketed together, they note, so no child feels singled out by the one they actually need.

Also

A.A.Ron keeps a half-gallon jar of refrigerator pickles going all summer, stuffing fresh cucumbers into the same brine as he picks them. Small Batch Steve had ribs working for Labor Day. ricky attended a Scripture dedication at Sarabulu Church in Port Vila, Vanuatu.

The Wire

Infrastructure

Mullvad will shut down its public Encrypted DNS servers on 2 November 2026 and sponsor Quad9 instead. VPN customers using DNS content blockers are unaffected.

Nitter is back, unarchived, and will continue — confirmed twice on Monday by people who had noticed it go.

fiatjaf asked people to move off a Netlify-hosted instance of Hallway because of low free bandwidth limits, pointing at an nsite copy and a self-install instead.

Building

SondreB has taken a job, so Nostria gets less time — but reports improved article rendering, a sidebar toggle and, in his own assessment, a good place for performance and quality. Feedback requested; marketing, he admits, is not happening.

BitcoinBabies replaced a deprecated Blink batch-payment feature with their own tool on the Spark SDK, and are paying the mothers in their programme with it.

Bitfest published a programme note arguing that privacy, open protocols and censorship-resistant communication belong in the same conversation as Bitcoin.

On tour

Joe Martin is back after time away, with a UK tour starting this week and a live album being recorded at the first show — Southampton on the 10th, then Ramsgate, Stroud, Devon, Bristol, Northamptonshire and Kirton in Lindsey on the 26th. He may stream it here.

Scardust begin their first US tour this week, per tunestr, with the customary instruction not to screw it up.

The Diary

Coming up

Tonight — Bitcoin Meetup at Kern's Food Hall, Knoxville, seven o'clock; and the September meetup at a bike shop on Massachusetts Street, Lawrence, six.

Wednesday, September 9 — Einundzwanzig Essen, Rüttenscheid, seven in the evening.

Friday, September 11 — Cleveland Bitcoin Club on Detroit Avenue; Einundzwanzig Düsseldorf, venue still being settled in the group chat.

Saturday, September 12 — Bitcoin & Coffee #97 in Monterey, and a Bitcoinwalk at Shaker Square, Cleveland.

Thursday, September 17 — the monthly meetup at The Locker Room Sports Bar, Queenstown.

Classified

The week's most on-theme listing: an Antminer S9 running BraiinsOS, at 90,000 sats. Beside it a Kit Autocustodia — a self-custody kit — at 45,000 sats.

A Pixel 8, 256GB, at €400, which on a day of GrapheneOS talk is well placed. The 2023 Yamaha XMAX 300 is still up at €4,500.

And a rack of shirts at €16 and change apiece — BTC Rebus, Satoshi, Run BTC, and one called simply n for nostr.

Overheard

Alex Gleason, marking a line and offering no context whatsoever: We are very sexy.

And finally

Jón Kolbeinn, revisiting a vote: In hindsight. I should have voted Wasp.. they are annoying assholes. Always in your face and wanting whatever you are eating. The mosquito takes when you are unaware of it's presence.

Printed for EZ from 638 events across fourteen desks, ranked through their own web of trust and read once more without it as a control. Nothing on this page was chosen by us. Photographs remain on their authors' servers and are shown here by reference.